Kwame Nkrumah was the first prime minister of Ghana (former British Gold Coast colony and British Togoland) at independence in He later became the first president of Ghana as a Republic in Nkrumah was born in the village of Nkroful in Nzima Land, an area Southwest of the Gold Coast colony. As was common in those days, keeping official records of births was not mandatory, as a result, Nkrumah’s exact date of birth is open to question. For official purposes, he used September 21, , as his date of birth, recorded by the Roman Catholic Church priest who baptized him. However, Nkrumah later calculated Saturday, September 18, , as the most likely date of his birth.
As was common in traditional Africa, Nkrumah was born in a polygamous family setting where his father, Kofi Ngonloma, from the Akan tribe and a goldsmith by profession, had many wives and children. His mother, Elizabeth Nyaniba, was a retail trader, and Nkrumah was her only child. At birth, his father named him Nwia Kofi and was later baptized, Francis. As was the tradition of the Akan, Nkrumah also had a name after the day of his birth, Kwame, for Saturday. Throughout his career, Nkrumah had u
Overview
Osagyefo Dr. Kwame Nkrumah was born in September in Nkroful, Gold Coast (now Ghana), and died on April 27, , in Bucharest, Romania. He was a Ghanaian nationalist leader who led the Gold Coast’s drive for independence from Britain and presided over its emergence as the new nation of Ghana. He headed the country from independence in until
Early Years, Prison, and Presidency
Early Years
Kwame Nkrumah’s father was a goldsmith and his mother a retail trader. Baptized a Roman Catholic, Nkrumah spent nine years at the Roman Catholic elementary school in nearby Half Assini. After graduation from Achimota College in , he started his career as a teacher at Roman Catholic junior schools in Elmina and Axim and at a seminary.
Increasingly drawn to politics, Nkrumah decided to pursue further studies in the United States. He entered Lincoln University in Pennsylvania in and, after graduating in , obtained master’s degrees from Lincoln and from the University of Pennsylvania. He studied the literature of socialism, notably Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin, and of nationalism, especially Marcus Garvey, the Black American leader of the s. Eventually, Nkrumah came to describe himself as
Biography of Ghana’s first President, Dr Kwame Nkrumah
Ghana’s first President, Osagyefo Dr Kwame Nkrumah, was born on September 21, to Kofi Ngonloma of the Asona Clan and Elizabeth Nyanibah of the Anona Clan at Nkroful in the Western Region.
Dr Nkrumah was first named Francis Nwia-Kofi (the latter name, after a prominent family personality), but he later changed his name to Kwame Nkrumah in in the UK, preferring Kwame because he was born on a Saturday.
In , he married year-old Helena Ritz Fathia, an Egyptian Coptic and relative of President Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, when he was 49 years, and had three children by her: Gokeh, Samia Yaaba and Sekou Nkrumah.
His childhood mentor was Dr Kwegyir Aggrey, an Assistant Vice Principal and the first African member of staff at the then Prince of Wales’ College at Achimota, Achimota.
Education and career
He had his elementary school education at Half Assini, where his father worked as a goldsmith, but a German Roman Catholic priest by name George Fischer significantly influenced his elementary school education.
In , Nkrumah obtained his Teacher's Certificate from the Prince of Wales’ College at Achimota, which was form
| Kwame Nkrumah | |
Kwame Nkrumah on a Soviet postage stamp | |
1st Prime Minister of Ghana | |
| In office March 6, – July 1, | |
| President | Queen Elizabeth II (colonial head) represented by the following: Sir Charles Noble Arden-Clarke (March 6 - June 24, ) Lord Listowel (24 June - 1 July ) |
|---|---|
| Preceded by | None |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished |
1st President of Ghana | |
| In office July 1, – February 24, | |
| Preceded by | Queen Elizabeth II |
| Succeeded by | Lt. Gen. J. A. Ankrah (Military coup d'état) |
| Born | September 21 () Nkroful, Gold Coast (now Ghana) |
| Died | April 27 (aged 62) Bucharest, Romania |
| Political party | Convention Peoples' Party |
| Spouse | Fathia Rizk |
| Children | Francis, Gamal, Samia, Sekou |
| Profession | Lecturer |
Kwame Nkrumah (September 21, - April 27, ) was an influential twentieth century advocate of Pan-Africanism, and the leader of Ghana and its predecessor state, the Gold Coast, from to He became Prime Minister in and President when Ghana adopted a republican constitution in He was deposed in while overseas and ended his life in exile in Guinea, which mad
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