Mustafa Kemal Ataturk
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Who Was Mustafa Kemal Ataturk?
As a young man, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was involved with the Young Turks, a revolutionary group that deposed the sultan in Ataturk led the Turkish War of Independence and signed the Treaty of Lausanne in , which made Turkey a republic. He was elected its first president and ushered in reforms that modernized Turkey.
Early Life
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was born simply "Mustafa" in the early months of , in Salonika, in what was then the Ottoman Empire (his birthplace is now known as Thessalonika, in modern-day Greece). When he was 12 years old, Mustafa was sent to the military academy in Istanbul. There, his mathematics teacher gave him the name Kemal — meaning "perfection"— because he excelled in academics. He graduated in
Military Career
As a young man, Mustafa Kemal became a member of the Young Turks, a revolutionary movement of intellectuals. He participated in the Young Turk Revolution of July , which successfully deposed Sultan Abdülhamid II. From to , Mustafa Kemal held a number of posts in the Ottoman army. He fought against Italy in the Italo-Turkish War in and from he fought in the Balkan
Ataturk's life
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk ( - ) was the founder and the first President of the Republic of Turkey. Mustafa Kemal was born in in Salonika (Thessaloniki, today in Greece, then under the Ottoman rule). His father's name was Ali Riza Efendi. His father was customs official.
His mother's name was Zübeyde Hanim. For his primary education, he went to the school of Semsi Efendi in Salonika. But Mustafa lost his father at an early age, he had to leave school. Mustafa and his mother went to live with his uncle in the countryside. His mother brought him up. Life continued like this for a time. Mustafa worked on the farm but his mother began to worry about his lack of schooling. It was finally decided that he should live with his mother's sister in Salonika.
He entered the Military Middle School in Salonika. In , after finishing the Military Middle School, Mustafa Kemal entered the Military High School (Askeri Idadisi) in Manastir.
After successfully completing his studies at the Manastir Military School, Mustafa Kemal went to Istanbul and on the 13th of March he entered the infantry class of the Military Academy (Harbiye Harp Okulu). After finishing the Military
Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal
Born in (Salonika, Ottoman Empire)
Died on November 10, (Istanbul, Turkey)
President of Turkey
Military leader
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk is widely hailed as the founder of modern Turkey, a nation that emerged in out of the wreckage of the Ottoman Empire (a vast empire of southwest Asia, northeast Africa, and southeast Europe that reigned from the thirteenth century to the early twentieth century). Throughout the twentieth century, Atatürk was widely revered for the way he introduced his nation to such features as democratic political institutions, an effective civil administration (including such services as police and fire service, and garbage collection), universal education, and the idea of the rights of individuals. Atatürk is also remembered for introducing his predominately Muslim nation to the benefits as well as the drawbacks of secular, or non-religious, rule. With many Muslim nations struggling to decide on the role that the Islamic religion plays in their national lives, the story of Atatürk and the creation of the secular state of Turkey has acquired renewed relevance.
"We shall raise our country to the level of the most prosperous and
Biography of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was born in the Kocakasım District of Salonica in in a three-story pink house on Islahane Street. His father's name was Ali Rıza Efendi and his mother was Zübeyde Hanım. His paternal grandfather, Hafız Ahmet Efendi, was from the Kocacık Yörüks (a Turkish nomadic tribe), who had emigrated from Konya and Aydın and settled in Macedonia during the 14th and 15th centuries. His mother, Zübeyde Hanım, was the daughter of an old Turkish family that had settled in the town of Langaza near Salonica. Ali Rıza Efendi, who served as a militia officer, an estate clerk and a lumber merchant, married Zübeyde Hanım in Four of Atatürk's five siblings died at an early age and only his sister Makbule (Atadan) lived until
When Mustafa reached school age, he started his education at the Hafız Efendi local primary school; however, upon his father's request, he later switched to Şemsi Efendi School. After loosing his father in , he spent some time on the Rapla farm with his maternal uncle and later returned to Salonica and finished his school. He enrolled in the Salonica Secondary School. In , he entered the Military Middle School. In the
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